Monaco is the second smallest sovereign state in the world by land area, after Vatican City. It is around 2 square kilometers. Wikipedia has it as 2.08 km2 and the Financial Times article I have on my desk right now has it as 1.98 km2. Whatever the number, the place is small. And when you combine this small land area (a supply-constrained market) with nice Mediterranean weather, no income taxes (except for French nationals), and generally low taxes all around, you tend to get expensive real estate.

According to FT, prices today can reach as high as €120,000 per m2, which makes cities like Hong Kong seem almost affordable. To put this into perspective, it would mean that, on the absolute highest end, a 600 square foot one-bedroom apartment (which may be too small for this market's taste) could cost around €6,688,800, or over C$9.7 million.

These kind of numbers will do wonders for a development pro forma. Take, for instance, Monaco's new Mareterra development. This is a 6-hectare land-reclamation project that extends into the sea and increases Monaco's total land area by something like 3%. When it opens next month, it will house new public spaces, a 500m waterfront promenade, a long list of impressive sustainability initiatives, 110 apartments, 4 townhouses, and 10 "mystery-shrouded villas" (FT's words).

I don't know off hand the cost of reclaiming land, but surely it isn't cheap. So it's remarkable to me that so few homes were able to carry the feasibility of such an ambitious project. On top of this, they've retained some of the most noteworthy architects in the world: Renzo Piano, Tadao Ando, and Norman Foster.

Renzo's project, called Le Renzo and pictured above, sits at the southern end of the development and houses 47 apartments. None are reportedly smaller than 400 square meters. And that's because the developers wanted to make sure that the housing would be suitable and big enough for families. Clearly it would be a lot of fun to scrutinize their development pro forma. Because many things are possible when you're underwriting what is probably the most expensive residential real estate in the world.

Images: Mareterra