Real estate can be an abstract concept. If you're a capital allocator, it might be a line item in one of your spreadsheets. Or, if you're a developer primarily focused on zoning and entitlements, you might think in terms of gross floor area. How much density do I have, and what is it going to be worth?

This is not to disparage any one component or participant within the development supply chain; it is simply to say that development is long and complicated, participants will naturally specialize, and everyone will have a lens through which they see things.

But at the end of the day, these activities ultimately come back to fundamentals: the real estate needs to house people and things, and do something. Gross floor area has value on a spreadsheet because it can be turned into something. And it is ultimately that something that determines how much it is worth.

If you're a developer selling entitled land, your direct customer is the next developer, the one who will ultimately build out the site. Then, that developer's customers are the people who will ultimately buy, rent, and occupy the space. And in some cases, those customers will also have their own customers, if, for instance, they choose to buy a space and then rent it out to somebody else.

So there are layers to this. But regardless of where you might sit within the chain, I think it's always helpful to focus on the customer, or customers. It's harder to be wrong with your assumptions if you drill all the way down and consider the end use cases.

Cover photo by Israel Andrade